The Potential Role of Serum Endothelin-1 Correlated with Intraocular Pressure in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma: A Cross Sectional Study in North Sumatera-Indonesia

Abstract

Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide with the incidence of open-angle glaucoma more frequent than closed-angle glaucoma. Vascular endothelial cells producing peptide named ET-1, causing vasoconstrictor effects on arteries and veins with increasing blood pressure. ET-1 is considered as a potential contributor in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. This study is aimed at analysing the serum ET-1 level in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) patients. This prospective, analytic observational with cross sectional study was conducted in Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital and Satellite Hospital, Medan, Indonesia from December 2018 to February 2019. The sample of this study are 24 POAG patients and 24 normal subjects as a control. The patients were investigated for ophthalmology examination including visual acuity, intraocular pressure, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and visual field defect. The serum ET-1 was examinated by ELISA. Serum ET-1 level correlated with higher IOP in patient with primary open angle glaucoma. Although no specific correlation can be deduced from this, effect of ET-1 still needed investigation.