Staterin Saliva : Pelindung Enamel yang Berkontribusi dalam Kolonisasi Bakteri
Abstract
Saliva is a reflection of the health of the oral cavity and the source for analyzing systemic condition through the
developmentof salivary biomarkers analysis. Saliva filled with calcium and phosphateions, whose existence is
regulated by several proteins that bind to saliva, specifically statherin and proline rich protein. Statherin is a
humansalivary protein in low molecule and produced bythe parotid gland and submandibular gland. Statherin in
saliva indicates the availability of calcium ions in saliva becauseit is saturated with calcium phosphate salts which
ensures remineralization processon the enamel goes well. Statherin bind to hydroxyapatite, indicating a possible
role in pellicle and plaque formation. On the tooth surface, statherin prevents the absorption of high molecular
weight glycoproteins (HMWGPs), whichis then attracts bonding HMWGPattachment with bacteria, including
Streptococcus mutans. Statherin also cause hyphae transition (the most invasive form of the fungus) into yeast
on Candida albicans, it does give an indication of Statherin contribute in the oral cavity defense against fungal
attack.. This Protein alsofacilitates the attachment ofF. nucleatum on the tooth surface which had beenfirst crystal
hydroxyapatite binding. Statherin-rich layer on the surface of the teeth also showed a high calcium zonethatfacilitate
smineralization of tooth enamel, without further precipitation that actually resulted in the mineralization of dental
plaque. Overall Statherin importanceto the oral cavity by protecting enamel of teeth through the lubrication and
mineral homeostasis, and when they are absorbed,it contributes to early phase of bacterial colonization.