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    Penentuan Distribusi Ukuran Partikel Tepung Terigu dengan Menggunakan Metode Pengapungan Batang (Buoyancy Weighing-Bar Method)

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    Date
    2015
    Author
    Tambun, Rondang
    Pratama, Nofriko
    Ely
    Hanum, Farida
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    Abstract
    Penentuan distribusi ukuran partikel tepung terigu merupakan salah satu yang penting dalam industri pengolahan tepung terigu. Selama ini, berbagai cara dapat dilakukan untuk menentukan ukuran partikel tepung terigu seperti metode Andreasen pipette, sedimentation balance, centrifugal sedimentation, laser diffraction/ scattering, microscopy, Coulter counter dan lain sebagainya. Metode-metode tersebut di atas mempunyai kelebihan dan kekurangan, terutama masalah kekurangpraktisan, waktu ataupun masalah biaya. Metode Andreasen Pipette, sedimentation balance dan centrifugal sedimentation merupakan metode yang murah tetapi butuh waktu yang lama dan keahlian untuk mengoperasikannya. Sebaliknya, metode laser diffraction/scattering, microscopy dan Coulter counter merupakan metode yang sangat akurat dan cepat, tetapi memerlukan biaya yang sangat mahal. Pada penelitian ini, dikembangkan suatu metode terbaru yaitu Metode Pengapungan Batang (Buoyancy Weighing-Bar Method) untuk menentukan distribusi ukuran partikel tepung terigu. Metode ini mengukur distribusi ukuran partikel dengan menggunakan sebuah batang logam yang digantungkan pada cairan yang berisi butiran partikel tepung yang terdispersi pada cairan tersebut. Pada metode ini, perubahan densitas larutan yang terjadi karena perpindahan partikel tepung dalam suspensi (etanol/metanol) diukur berdasarkan perubahan massa batang logam yang digantung di dalam suspensi. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa hasil yang diperoleh menggunakan Metode Pengapungan Batang sebanding dengan hasil yang diperoleh dengan Metode sedimentation balance.
     
    Particle size measurement of wheat flour is important in wheat flour industry. There are several methods have been used to measure particle size distribution (PSD) of wheat flour, such as Andreasen pipette method, sedimentation balance method, centrifugal sedimentation method. The disadvantages of these methods are that they are time consuming and require special skills. On the other hand, PSD can be analyzed using a different principle through laser diffraction/scattering methods, and coulter counter method. The laser diffraction/scattering and coulter counter methods produce highly accurate results within a shorter time, but the equipment is extremely expensive. Therefore, a simple and cost-effective new method to determine PSD is in high demand. In this study, we aim to develop a new method to measure the particle size distribution of wheat flour using a buoyancy weighing–bar method. In this method, the density change in a suspension due to particle migration (wheat flour) is measured by weighing buoyancy against a weighing–bar hung in the suspension (etanol/metanol), and the PSD is calculated using the length of the bar and the time–course change in the mass of the bar. This apparatus consists of an analytical balance with a hook for underfloor weighing, and a weighing–bar, which is used to detect the density change in suspension. The result obtained show that the PSD of wheat flour measured by the buoyancy weighing-bar method is comparable to that determined by settling balance method.
     
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    http://repository.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/70630
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