Bacterial and Fungi Phosphate Solubilization Effect to Increase Nutrient Uptake and Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) Production on Andisol Sinabung Area

Abstract

Background and Objective: Deficiency of Phosphorus (P) in soil results in reduction of food production since all plants require an adequate supply of P for its growth and development. The availability of phosphorus in Andisol soil is very low only circa 0.1% of the total soil P. Phosphate solubilizing microbes can increase soil available P so that growth and crop production can be increased. This study aims to find a type of superior microbe that is able to increase the availability of phosphorus and potato production on Andisol Sinabung area. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in Kutarayat village, Naman Teran District. The research design used in this study was a randomized block design non factorial with three replications, as for the treatment being tested is without application of microbial solubilization phosphate (M0), Burkholderia cepacia1 (M1), Bacillus licheniformis (M2), Burkholderia metallica (M3), Burkholderia cenocepacia (M4), Burkholderia cepacia 2 (M5) and fungi phosphate solubilization are Penicillium sp. 1 TMS (M6), Talaromyces pinophilus (M7), Aspergillus terreus (M8), Aspergillus awamori (M9), Penicillium sp. (M10). The parameter of observations are total soil P analysis, soil P availability, nitrogen (N) uptake, phosphorus (P) uptake and potassium (K) uptake of plant in vegetative period and potato production. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) procedures the SAS version 12 computer programs and comparison of means were tested for significance using least significant difference (LSD ) p = 0.05. Results: The research results showed that microbial phosphate solubilization is able to increase the P availability at 2.47-71.08%, nutrient uptake at 1-89.4% and total production at 9.3-68%. Conclusion: It was concluded that best treatment in increasing the availability of P and the production of the potato plant is application of fungi phosphate solubilization, Talaromyces pinophilus treatment (M7).