Identifikasi Dan Inventarisasi Jenis Tanaman Ubikayu (Manihot Esculenta Crantz.) Di Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Identifikasi dan Inventarisasi Varietas Tanaman Ubikayu (Manihot esculenta crantz) di Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai Sumatera Utara. Dibimbing oleh Emmy Harso Kardhinata dan Lollie Agustina P. Putri. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik morfologi tiap jenis ubi kayu yang dilaksanakan di tiga kecamatan di Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai, yaitu Perbaungan, Serbajadi, dan Dolok Masihul, terutama tiga desa di setiap kecamatan yaitu Desa Jambur Pulau, Suka Jadi, Lidah Tanah, Tanjung Harap, Kuala Bali, Karang Tengah, Dolok Manampang, Kota Tengah, and Kampung Mangga. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei yaitu accidental sampling (sampling kebetulan). Parameter yang diamati adalah ratio panjang/lebar daun, ratio panjang lobus dan petilole, lobus daun, warna petiole, tinggi tanaman, panjang ruas, warna batang atas, batang bawah, warna kulit luar umbi, warna kulit dalam umbi, diameter umbi, panjang umbi, jumlah umbi, rata-rata bobot umbi dan hasil umbi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penciri utama ubi kayu memiliki batang atas dan batang bawah yang berbeda yaitu hijau, hijau kemerahan, abu-abu dan gading. Warna umbi yang berbeda, yaitu rose/putih, kuning dan gading. Dari 7 jenis ubi kayu, 6 diantaranya diketahui nama daerah yang digunakan oleh masyarakat setempat, yaitu Ubikayu Malaysia, Ubi roti, Ubi Adira 1, Ubi Kalimantan, Ubi Valencia, dan Ubi pulut. Satu jenis lainnya belum diketahui nama daerahnya sehingga pada hasil penelitian ini diberi sebutan jenis X.

Identification and Inventarisation of Cassava Variety (Manihot esculenta crantz) in Serdang Bedagai Regency of North Sumatera. Supervised by Emmy Harso Kardhinata and Lollie Agustina P. Putri. The main goal of this research was to identify the morphological characteristics of some varieties of cassava which was conducted in three sub-districts of Serdang Bedagai Regency, i.e. Perbaungan, Serbajadi, and Dolok Masihul and especially three villages in each sub-district, i.e. Jambur Pulau, Suka Jadi, Lidah Tanah, Tanjung Harap, Kuala Bali, Karang Tengah, Dolok Manampang, Kota Tengah, and Kampung Mangga. This research was implemented by using survey method of accidental sampling. The parameters observed were the ratio of length and width of leaves, the ratio of length of lobes and petioles, leaf’s lobe, petiole’s color, plant’s height, stem segments’ length, mature stem’s color, young stem’s color, cassava’s outer skin color, cassava’s inner skin color, diameter of cassava, length of cassava, amount of cassava, average of cassava weight, and cassava productivities. The result of research showed the specific characteristics of cassavas which have different mature and young stem in case of color which were green, reddish green, grey, and amber; different colors of cassava which were rose/ white, yellow, and amber. The result obtained from this research was that 6 of 7 types of cassava had been named according to their origins by local people around that were Malaysia Cassava, Roti Cassava, Adira-1 Cassava, Kalimantan (Banjar) Cassava, Valencia Cassava, and Pulut Cassava. One type remaining has not been known yet about its origin, so that it was intently named X Cassava in this research