Uji Efektifitas Jamur Entomopatogen Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) dan Metarrhizium anisopliae (Metch) Sorokin Terhadap Chilo sacchariphagus Boj. (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae) di Laboratorium

Abstract

Nova Berta Sianturi. 2014. “Uji Efektifitas Jamur entomopatogen Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) dan Metarrhizium anisopliae (Metch) Sorokin terhadap Chilo sacchariphagus Boj (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae) di Laboratorium”, dibimbing oleh Yuswani Pangestiningsih dan Lahmuddin Lubis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jamur entomopatogen B. bassiana dan M. anisopliae yang efektif terhadap larva C. sacchariphagus pada taraf konsentrasi yang berbeda. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Hama, Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara dengan ketinggian tempat ±25 m dpl mulai bulan Februari sampai Maret 2014. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non Faktorial yang terdiri dari 7 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan, yakni: T0 (Kontrol), T1(B. Bassiana 30gr/1l air), T2 (B. bassiana 40gr/1l air), T3 (B.bassiana 50 gr/1l air, T4 (M. anisopliae 30gr/1l air), T5 (M. anisopliae 40gr/1l air), T6 (M. anisopliae 50gr/1l air). Parameter yang diamati adalah persentse mortalitas larva dan perubahan morfologi larva yang terinfeksi jamur entomopatogen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa B. bassiana, perlakuan yang efektif yaitu pada perlakuan T2 dan T3 sebesar 73,33% dan 86.67% pada penggunaan M. anisopliae perlakuan yang efektif yaitu pada perlakuan T5 dan T6 sebesar 86.67% dan 100.00%. Perubahan morfologi larva C. sacchariphagus yang terinfeksi jamur entomopatogen terlihat dengan ciri larva menjadi malas bergerak, semakin lama tubuhnya semakin lemas dan mati serta mengeras yang akhirnya diselimuti oleh miselium yang berbeda warna yakni B. basiiana berwarna putih dan M. anisopliae berwarna hijau tua.

Nova Berta Sianturi. 2014. “The Effectivity of Entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) and Metarrhizium anisopliae (Metch) Sorokin to Chilo sacchariphagus Boj (Lepidoptera:Gracillariidae) in the Laboratory”, supervised by Yuswani Pangestiningsih and Lahmuddin Lubis. The objective of this research was to know the effectivity of entomopathogenic fungi B. bassiana dan M. anisopliae to C. sacchariphagus with different concentration levels. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Pest, Agroecotechnology Program Study, Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatera, with altitude ±25 m asl from February until March 2014. The method used Randomized Completely Design non factorial which consist of 7 treatments and 3 replication. The treatments consist of : T0 (Control), T1(B. bassiana 30gr/1l water), T2 (B. bassiana 40gr/1l water), T3 (B.bassiana 50 gr/1l water), T4 (M. anisopliae 30gr/1l water), T5 (M. anisopliae 40gr/1l water), T6 (M. anisopliae 50gr/1l water). Parameters measured were percentage mortality larva and the change of morphology larva. The result showed that the most effective B. bassiana is the treatment T2 dan T3 by 73,33% and 86.67% and the most effective M. anisopliae is the treatment of T5 dan T6 by 86.67% and 100.00%. The observation of the change of morphology of larva C. sacchariphagus was as the following: the movement of larva C. sacchariphagus became slow (lazy), the body of the larva was weakening dead and hardening, and finally was covered by different colors of mycelium, i.l. B. bassiana was covered by white mycelium white M. anisopliae was covered by green mycelium.