Identifikasi Dan Distribusi Nematoda Parasitik Pada Tanaman Tembakau Deli (Nicotiana Tabacum L.)

Abstract

In general, the visible symptoms from parasitic nematode infection declined the plant growth. Plants infected by the nematodes were susceptible to attack by secondary pathogens. It was expected/presumed that there were diffent nematodes diversity and population at different places in Deli tobacco planting areas of region II (Helvetia, Bulu Cina, Klambir Lima, Klumpang), PTPN II, Tanjung Morawa. The experiment was conducted by sampling soil from surrounding Deli tobacco planting area at Deli Plantation of region JJ (PTPN II) 100 g/sample point. There were 30 sample points/0.8 ha by using zig-zag method. After that, soil was extracted by Baermann funnel, then the nematodes were identified and the population was counted in the laboratory of Plant Disease, Fac. of Agriculture, Univ. of North Sumatera. The parameters were nematode genus and nematode populationfrom each genus. Absolute Frequency (FM), Relative Frequency (FR), Absolute Density (KM), Relative Density (KR) and Prominent Value (NP) were counted from each genus. The results showed that five genus were found, including Aphelenchoides, Tylenchus, Tylenchorhynchus, Pratylenchus and Ditylenchus. The results showed that higest population was Aphelenchoides (262 nematodes), then was followed by Tylenchus (79 nematodes), Tylenchorhynchus (75 nematodes), Pratylenchus (49 nematodes), Ditylenchus (39 nematodes) respectively. The higest population was Aphelenchoides spp. in Helvetia (70 nematodes) with NP = 664.08, Tylenchus spp. in Klumpang (25 nematodes) with NP = 204.13, Tylenchorhynchus spp. in Helvetia (22 nematodes) with NP = 160.66, Pratylenchus spp. in Bulu Cina (20 nematodes) with NP = 121.16, and Ditylenchus spp. in Klumpang (14 nematodes) with NP = 88.54 respectively. The genus of parasitic nematodes found at Deli tobacco planting areas of Deli tobacco plantation of region JJ, PTPN II, Tanjung Morawa were Ahelenchoides, Tylenchus, Tylenchorhynchus, Pratylenchus, and Ditylenchus. The largest nematodes distribution was Aphelenchoides spp. then was followed by Tylenchus spp., Tylenchorhynchus spp., Pratylenchus spp., and Ditylenchus spp. respectively. The higest nematode population was in Klumpang (137 nematodes), then was followed by in Helvetia (131 nematodes), in Klambir Lima (121 nematodes), and in Bulu Cina (115 nematodes).