Pengaruh Sanitasi Dan Manajemen Kapal Terhadap Kepemilikan Sertifikat Sanitasi Kapal Pada Pelabuhan Lhokseumawe

Abstract

Sanitasi kapal merupakan usaha untuk memutuskan mata rantai penularan penyakit bersumber dari lingkungan kapal. Sanitasi kapal tahun 2009 di Pelabuhan Lhokseumawe 56,1 % berisiko tinggi bersertifikat Ship Sanitation Control Certificate (SSCC) dan Ship Sanitation Control Exemtion Certificate (SSCEC) Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survai analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh sanitasi dan manajemen kapal terhadap kepemilikan sertifikat sanitasi kapal yang berlabuh di Pelabuhan Lhokseumawe. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah kapal yang bersandar di Pelabuhan Lhokseumawe dan seluruh ABK. Sampel terpilih sebanyak 53 Kapal dan 53 ABK. Pengumpulan data meliputi data primer melalui wawancara dan pemeriksaan sanitasi kapal, dan data sekunder diperoleh dengan pencatatan dari dokumen Kantor Kesehatan Pelabuhan (KKP) Lhokseumawe. Analisis data menggunakan uji Exact Fisher’s Test dan regresi logistik ganda pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 84,9% kapal mempunyai sertifikat SSCEC dan 15,1% kapal memiliki sertifikat SSCC. Hasil uji dengan uji Exact Fisher’s Test menunjukkan sanitasi kapal (p=0,014), penerapan SOP (p=0,019) mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap kepemilikan sertifikasi sanitasi kapal. Hasil uji regresi logistik ganda menunjukkan sanitasi kapal adalah variabel paling dominan berpengaruh terhadap kepemilikan sertifikat sanitasi kapal ; p=0,017 Disarankan kepada Kantor Kesehatan Pelabuhan Lhokseumawe, agar meningkatkan pengawasan secara rutin, terencana dan tegas serta memperketat evaluasi terhadap kepemilikan sertifikat sanitasi kapal pada seluruh kapal yang bersandar di Pelabuhan Lhokseumawe. Kepada Pemilik Kapal agar menyediakan SOP sanitasi kapal dan pengawasan penerapan SOP serta memberikan sanksi bagi ABK yang tidak menerapkan SOP sanitasi kapal.

Ship sanitation is an attempt to break the link of contagious diseases which came from the ship environment. Ship sanitation at Lhokseumawe harbor was highly affected up to 56.1 percent in 2009 although the harbor management got Ship Sanitation Control Certificate (SSCC) and Ship Sanitation Control Exemption Certificate (SSCEC) This research was an analytic survey with cross sectional approach which was aimed to analyze the influence of ship sanitation and management on the ownership of sanitation certificates of the ships which anchored at Lhokseumawe harbor. The population was the ships which anchored at Lhokseumawe harbor and the crews of the ships. There Were 53 ships and 53 crews chosen as the samples. The data consisted of the primary data which were obtained from interviews and checking of ship sanitation, and the secondary data ware obtained by recording the documents in the Harbor Health Office, Lhokseumawe. The data were analyzed by using Exact Fisher’s Test and multiple logistic regression test with the reliability of 95 percent. The result of the research showed that 84.9 percent of the ships owned Ship Sanitation Control Exemption Certificates (SSCEC) and 15.1 percent of them owned Ship Sanitation Control Certificates (SSCC). The result of Exact Fisher’s Test showed that ship sanitation (p=0.014) and the application of SOP (P=0.019) had significant influence on the ownership of ship sanitation certification. The result of the multiple logistic regression test showed that ship sanitation was the most dominant variable which influenced the ownership of ship sanitation certificates p=0.017. It is recommended that the Harbor Health Office at Lhokseumawe should increase the routine, planned, and firm control and tighten the evaluation of the ownership of ship sanitation certificates for all ships which anchored at Lhokseumawe harbor. It was also recommended that the owners of the ships should provide and evaluate the application of ship sanitation SOP and give sanction to the crews of the ships who did not carry out ship sanitation SOP.